Waterfowl and Other Aquatic Birds
Most urban concerns occur during the nesting season. Hen mallards often nest under shrubbery in residential areas near water in urban areas. This is not unusual because mallards nest away from water, not along the shoreline, in natural settings, to avoid nest predators. When the young hatch it's best not to disturb the hens because they will abandon the nest. If a hen is in the process of building the nest and it is in an undesirable location, attempt to disrupt the construction to discourage continued nest building. If the nest has been constructed and the hen is incubating the eggs, the best approach is to avoid the vicinity until the eggs hatch. All eggs will hatch during a very short period, and then soon after, the hen will move the chicks to water. This may involve a long march through a residential area to a city lake or pond.
Exclusion
Fencing acts like an artificial vegetation barrier. Fences need to be only 18 inches tall.
Repellents
Methyl anthranilate can be used as a repellent that irritates when they come into contact with it.
Frightening
Scarecrows, effigies, homemade plastic flags, Mylar streamers and other deterrents that move in a breeze can sometimes be highly effective.
Managing Human-Goose Conflicts in Urban, Suburban and Agricultural Areas
Canada geese reside year-round locally throughout much of Wyoming, and large numbers of migrant Canada geese occupy parts of Wyoming during the fall and winter. Canada geese provide valuable hunting and viewing opportunities, but, in urban and suburban areas, local concentrations of geese can lead to conflicts between geese and people. During established hunting seasons, the disturbance associated with hunting activity effectiveway reduces goose use of specific locations. In suburban and urban areas, however, hunting is usually not an option, and Canadian geese often create problems during the spring and summer. In these situations, the alternative approaches summarized below can be helpful.
Canada Geese are Protected by Federal and State Laws
Non-lethal control activities (e.g., activities in which there is no direct contact with geese and that do not result in harm to geese, goslings, eggs, or nests) do not require federal permits (do check state regulations and local ordinances), and most non-lethal activities can be conducted throughout the year. Any actions that result in handling, damage, or destruction of geese, or their eggs or nests, require permits from Wyoming Game and Fish Department. The primary control activity conducted under available permits is egg and nest control of locally-breeding geese. This activity is usually performed following, and in conjunction with, non-lethal control methods.
Egg and Nest Control Activities
The Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) has been issued a special statewide permit by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This permit allows the WGFD to destroy eggs and nests of breeding Canada geese. In most cases, eggs are 'oiled'-100% corn oil (a substance exempted from regulation by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) is applied to eggs in the nest; the oil prevents the eggs from developing and hatching. The WGFD allows landowners and land managers to conduct egg control activities under the statewide permit and provides guidance and technical assistance to sub-permittees.
Written permission from the Wyoming Game and Fish Department is required before any interference with eggs or nests can begin (contact the permitting office) for more information about applying for a federal permit to conduct egg or nest control activities.
Habitat Alteration
Stop Feeding
Do not feed or allow the feeding of geese or other waterfowl on your property. Efforts to frighten geese away can be thwarted if nearby neighbors are feeding the geese. If geese are being fed in the area/ it won't be easy to persuade them to move elsewhere. Landscape Modification
Geese dislike visual barriers between ponds and feeding areas. Planting trees, thick bushes, or a dense hedge between grassy areas and water may make your property less attractive to geese. While the living barriers growing thick enough to be useful, you may need to use other methods, such as temporary fencing or repellents, to keep the geese from establishing in the area. Geese prefer mowed grasses; so leaving a buffer area of tall grass and wildflowers can create a visual and physical barrier to resident geese.
Exclusion and Barriers
Some people successfully place physical barriers, such as fences and boulders, to prevent geese from entering an area. The fence should be at least two feet high and have openings no larger than three-by-three inches. Chain link, chicken wire, construction fences, and wood can be used. Where appropriate, electrical fencing can provide a harmless but effective shock to discourage geese from entering an area; check with your local authorities to see if there are safety restrictions on electrical fencing.
Repellents
There are several commercial repellents advertised to keep geese off of lawns. These products must be applied according to label directions to be effective; they may need to be reapplied after rain1 or twice weekly in dry conditions. Approved repellents are made from biodegradable, food-grade ingredients and are not toxic to birds, dogs, cats, or humans.
Hazing Methods
General
A permit is not required to scare repel, or herd geese to protect your property, as long as the birds are not killed or harmed. Hazing geese can involve vigorously chasing geese with a broom or water hose. Repeated hazing can cause geese to relocate, but you must begin again if geese return. Hazing is most effective when geese first arrive at a location.
Trained Dogs
Some landowners and land managers have used highly trained herding dogs with skilled handlers to chase geese off their properties. This is not a method to be tried with a canine pet-dogs that cannot be allowed to harm geese or other waterfowl. Check with a game warden or stop by a WGFD regional office for guidance before using dogs to chase geese. Leash laws in most cities and towns do not allow dogs to run free to chase geese. However, where qualified and used consistently, this method has proven successful in persuading geese to avoid local sites.
Noisemakers and Pyrotechnics
Check with local authorities before starting noise making, but loud and surprising noises can deter resident geese. Where allowed, 12-gauge 'cracker shells' and other sharp, percussive sounds can prompt geese to move to another, more peaceful location. Be sure to let neighbors know in advance of noise-making plans.
Scarecrows, Balloons, Scare Tape
As a short-term tactic, often used with other methods, geese can sometimes be scared away using various shapes and movements. Scare tape is thin, shiny ribbon, usually silver on one side and red on the other. Place the reflective tape where it is visible to the geese and make a low fence across the area where you don't want geese to cross. Tie short lengths of the shiny ribbon on the cross tape-the flashing and rattling of the tape can frighten geese. People, pets, and wind can break the tape, so it needs to be inspected and repaired daily to be useful.
Swans
Some locations have acquired swans (with clipped wings so they cannot fly) and released them on a pond or lake to frighten away geese. This method is not recommended where the swans will come in regular contact with people, as they can be aggressive to humans as well as geese. Check local laws to be sure swans are allowed in your area. Be aware that swans can also breed, and care must be taken to ensure you don't create an overpopulation of swans instead!
Hunting
Hunting Canadian geese remains a cost-effective way to manage goose populations in non-urban areas where firearm discharge is allowed. Hunters who purchase state licenses and federal waterfowl stamps contribute to the costs associated with hunting waterfowl and help reduce overpopulation of Canada geese.
Conclusion
In summary, if you want to discourage Canada geese, respond quickly, stay persistent, and try to use multiple methods at a time. If feeding is occurring in the immediate area, all other methods to discourage geese may be of little use. Be certain to check local ordinances and obtain any necessary state or local permits (as outlined above) before beginning any control measures.
